Mac

Partition Your Mac’s Hard Drive With Disk Utility
Disk Utility
Disk Utility is the software of preference for dividing a difficult pressure into multiple partitions. Screenshot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
Disk Utility is the software of desire for dividing a hard pressure into more than one walls. It’s sincere and smooth to use, it provides a pleasant graphical interface, and first-class of all, it’s free. Disk Utility is included with the Mac OS.

The model of Disk Utility bundled with OS X 10.Five and later has a few brilliant new features, in particular, the capability to add, delete, and resize difficult force walls without first erasing the difficult power. If you need a barely large partition, otherwise you would like to break up a partition into more than one partitions, you could do it with Disk Utility, with out dropping the data that’s currently stored at the force.

In this manual, we’ll look at the fundamentals of creating multiple partitions on a hard power. If you need to resize, add, or delete walls, check the Disk Utility: Add, Delete, and Resize Existing Volumes guide.

Partitioning is a brief procedure. It will probably take longer to examine this newsletter than to partition your hard force!

What You Will Learn
The distinction between tough drives, walls, and volumes.
How to divide a difficult drive into more than one volumes (partitions).
What You Need
A Mac with OS X 10.5.X through OS X 10.10.X (Yosemite). This guide is specific to OS X 10.5, but it need to be usable with in advance versions of the Mac OS. There can be minor nomenclature adjustments between the versions of Disk Utility covered with the various variations of the Mac OS, however overall, the stairs have to be quite comparable.
If you’re the use of OS X 10.11.X (El Capitan) or later, then the manual “Partition a Mac’s Drive Using Disk Utility (OS X El Capitan or later)”, ought to be used.
One or extra hard drives to partition.

Disk Utility – Definitions of Partitioning Terms
disk utility definitions
Disk Utility makes it smooth to erase, format, partition, and create volumes, and to make RAID sets. Understanding the difference between erasing and formatting, and among walls and volumes, will help you keep the processes straight.

Definitions
Volume. A quantity is a garage container that has been formatted with a document system your laptop (in this case, a Mac) can recognize. Volumes are logical constructs; they’re now not the same as partitions or bodily difficult drives. Volumes are most customarily made of a single tough pressure partition that carries a Mac report system. But it’s additionally viable for a volume to be made up of more than one partitions, some thing we won’t address here.
Partition.The term ‘partition’ is each a verb and a noun. When you partition a difficult drive, you physically create separate sections at the difficult power; every of those sections is known as a partition. A partition defines a selected area of a hard force.
Erase. Erasing is the manner of putting off all statistics from a specific volume or tough force. Data may be erased in more than one approaches. The default method at the Mac deletes the statistics desk entries for the vicinity of the file, however does no longer definitely do away with the record itself from the difficult force or extent. The realistic impact of that is that your Mac not sees the file, and the gap it makes use of is now marked as available free area. You also can specify optionally available erase options with a purpose to completely get rid of the statistics.
Format. Formatting a hard pressure defines how the tough drive’s media can be laid out to shop the pc records. Your Mac can use 5 special styles of codecs: Mac OS Extended (Journaled); Mac OS Extended; Mac OS Extended (Case-Sensitive, Journaled); Mac OS Extended (Case-Sensitive); and MS-DOS.

Disk Utility – Partition a Hard Drive
Disk Utility – Partition a Hard Drive
Disk Utility will display equal-size walls to fill the available area at the tough power. Screenshot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
Disk Utility lets in you to divide a difficult force into multiple partitions. Each partition can use one of the 5 layout types mentioned earlier, or a partition can be left unformatted, as loose area for destiny use.

Partition a Hard Drive
Launch Disk Utility, positioned at /Applications/Utilities/.
Current hard drives and volumes will show in a list pane on the left side of the Disk Utility window.
Hard drives are indexed with fairly cryptic names, usually made up of the hard drive’s length and the manufacturer’s name and model variety. A standard difficult pressure call is 298 GB WDC WD3200. This shows a 320 GB Western Digital hard drive, with a model quantity of WD3200. The call lists the formatted size of the difficult drive (in this case, 298 GB), now not the raw size of the difficult drive (in this example, 320 GB).
Volume names appear as indented entries just below the hard force they’re associated with. There’s not anything to decipher here; a quantity’s name in this listing is the same as the name it displays on the Mac computer or in a Finder window.
Select the tough power you wish to partition from the listing in Disk Utility.
Click the ‘Partition’ tab.
Use the dropdown menu underneath the Volume Scheme heading to choose the variety of partitions you want to create on the selected hard pressure.
Disk Utility will show equal-length partitions to fill the available area at the hard power.
Before Disk Utility can create volumes from the walls you select, you’ll want to select a call, layout, and length for each partition.

Disk Utility – Set the Name, Format, and Size of a Partition
Set the Name, Format, and Size of a Partition
Use the ‘Size’ subject to set a length for the partition. The size is entered in GB (gigabytes). Screenshot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
When you pick the wide variety of partitions to create, Disk Utility will divide the to be had space equally between them. In most instances, you received’t want all partitions to be the equal length. Disk Utility offers two clean ways to exchange the sizes of walls.

Set Partition Sizes
Click the partition you wish to change.
Enter a name for the partition inside the ‘Name’ subject. This call will appear on the Mac desktop and in Finder windows.
Use the Format dropdown menu to pick a layout for this partition. The default format, Mac OS Extended (Journaled), is a great desire for most uses.
Use the ‘Size’ subject to set a length for the partition. The length is entered in GB (gigabytes). Press the tab or enter key on your keyboard to see a visual display of the ensuing partition changes.
You can also interactively alter partition sizes by way of dragging the small indicator located among every partition.
Repeat the technique for each partition, so that all walls have a call, layout, and final length.
When you’re glad together with your partition sizes, formats, and names, click on the ‘Apply’ button.
Disk Utility will display a affirmation sheet, displaying the moves it’ll take. Click the ‘Partition’ button to continue.
Disk Utility will take the partition records you supplied and divide the difficult power into partitions. It may also upload the chosen record gadget and call to each partition, creating volumes your Mac can use.

Disk Utility – Using Your New Volumes
Keep Disk Utility within the Dock
Keep Disk Utility within the Dock. Screenshot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
Disk Utility makes use of the partitioning facts you supply to create volumes your Mac can get entry to and use. When the partitioning process is whole, your new volumes must be installed at the laptop, ready to apply.

Before you close Disk Utility, you can need to take a moment to add it to the Dock, to make it less complicated to get right of entry to the subsequent time you want to use it.

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Copy Music From Your iPod to Your Mac
How to Find Your iPods Hidden Folders with Terminal
Justin Sullivan/Getty Images News/Getty Images
It’s genuine, you may replica your music out of your iPod to your Mac, essentially turning your iPod into an emergency backup of any of the media files you have got saved in your iPod.

There are few matters that Mac users dread extra than the unexpected loss of information, whether it is from a failed hard drive or the accidental deletion of documents. No rely how you lose your files, you may be happy you’ve been performing everyday backups.

What? You haven’t any backups, and also you just by accident deleted some of your favourite tunes and videos out of your Mac? Well, all might not be lost, at least now not in case you’ve been retaining your iPod synced together with your computer iTunes library. If so, your iPod can function your backup. By following these instructions, you need to be capable of reproduction your track, films, and movies from your iPod on your Mac, and then add them again to your iTunes library.

A quick be aware earlier than we start: If you’re the use of iTunes 7 or later, refer to Restore Your iTunes Music Library by using Copying the Music From Your iPod.

If you’re the use of an older version of iTunes, examine on for the guide technique of moving content material from your iPod returned in your Mac.

What You Need
An iPod together with your content material intact.
A Mac in completely operational condition.
An iPod syncing cable.

Prevent iTunes From Syncing
iPod related to an iMac
Hold down the Command and Option key whilst you plug your iPod into your Mac. Justin Sullivan / Staff / Getty Images
Before you connect your iPod to your Mac, you must save you iTunes from syncing with your iPod. If it does, it would delete all the statistics on your iPod. Why? Because at this point, your iTunes library is lacking a few or all the songs or different files on your iPod. If you sync your iPod with iTunes, you’ll grow to be with an iPod it’s missing the identical files that your iTunes library is missing.

Warning: the following instrcutions for disabling iTunes syncing is for variations of iTune earlier than iTunes 7. Do no longer use the method define beneath except you’re the use of an older model of iTunes. You can find out more approximately the various versions of iTunes and the way syncing is disabled at:

Recover Your iTunes Music Library From Your iPod

Disable Syncing
Press and keep the Command + Option keys while you plug for your iPod. Don’t release the Command + Option keys till you see your iPod show in iTunes.
Confirm that your iPod is hooked up in iTunes and on your Mac’s computing device.
IPod Not Showing Up?
Getting your iPod to reveal up to your computing device can once in a while seem to be hit or omit. Before you pull your hair out, strive those two tricks:

Click on a clean location of your desktop, and pick Preferences from the Finder menu.
Select the General tab.
Make sure there is a checkmark inside the field labeled CDs, DVDs, and iPods.
Select the Sidebar tab.
Locate the Devices section of the list, and make sure there may be a checkmark in the field categorised CDs, DVDs, and iPods.
IPod Still Not at the Desktop?
Launch Terminal, positioned at /Applications/Utilities.
At the Terminal activate, enter the following:
diskutil list
after which press go back or enter.
Look for the name of your iPod underneath the NAME column.
Once you discover your iPod name, test to the proper and discover the disk wide variety, positioned under the IDENTIFIER column. Make a word of the disk name; it have to be something like disk with a range of after it, including disk3.
In the Terminal window, input the subsequent on the Terminal activate:
diskutil mount disk# wherein disk# is the disk name determined inside the Identifier column, as mentioned above. An instance might be:
diskutil mount disk3
Press enter or go back.
Your iPod ought to now be set up on your Mac’s computer.
View Your iPods Hidden Folders
Terminal command to view hidden folders
Use Terminal to find your Mac’s hidden secrets. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
Once you mount your iPod on your Mac’s desktop, you’ll moderately expect a good way to use the Finder to browse via its files. But in case you double-click the iPod icon on your computing device, you will see simply three folders indexed: Calendars, Contacts, and Notes. Where are the music files?

Apple chose to hide the folders that comprise an iPod’s media files, but you may without problems make these hidden folders seen by way of the usage of Terminal, the command line interface included with OS X.

Terminal Is Your Friend
Launch Terminal, positioned at /Applications/Utilities/.
Type or reproduction/paste the following commands. Press the go back key once you input every line.
Defaults write com.Apple.Finder AppleShowAllFiles TRUE
killall Finder
The traces you enter into Terminal will allow the Finder to show all the hidden files in your Mac. The first line tells the Finder to display all documents, no matter how the hidden flag is about. The second line stops and restarts the Finder, so the adjustments can take effect. You may additionally see your computer disappear and reappear while you execute these instructions; that is normal.
Locate the Media Files on Your iPod
Finder showing song files on an iPod
The hidden music documents do no longer have without difficulty recognized names. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
Now which you’ve told the Finder to display all hidden files, you can use it to find your media files and duplicate them to your Mac.

Where’s the Music?
Double-click the iPod icon for your computer or click on the iPod’s name in a Finder window’s sidebar.
Open the iPod Control folder.
Open the Music folder.
The Music folder contains your track as well as any movie or video files you copied on your iPod. You may be amazed to find out that the folders and documents inside the Music folder aren’t named in any without difficulty discernable manner. The folders constitute your numerous playlists; the files in every folder are the media files, song, audio books, podcasts, or films associated with that particular playlist.

Fortunately, even though the file names do not include any recognizable data, the internal ID3 tags are all intact. As a result, any utility that could study ID3 tags can type the files out for you. (Not to fear; iTunes can read ID3 tags, so that you need look no in addition than your very own pc.)

Copy the iPod’s Data to Your Mac
Now that you realize where your iPod shop’s media files, you can reproduction them lower back for your Mac. The simplest manner to do this is to apply the Finder to pull and drop the files to the correct region. I advocate copying them to a new folder to your desktop.

Use the Finder to Copy Files
Right-click on a clean region of your computing device and pick ‘New Folder’ from the pop-up menu.
Name the brand new folder iPod Recovered, or every other name that moves your fancy.
Drag the Music folder from your iPod to the newly created folder to your Mac.
The Finder will begin the document copying process. This can also take a while, relying on the quantity of facts on the iPod. Go have coffee (or lunch, when you have lots of documents). When you come back, proceed to the next step.
Add the Recovered Music Back to iTunes
iTunes alternatives
Let iTunes manipulate your library. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
At this point, you have correctly recovered your iPod’s media documents and copied them to a folder in your Mac. The subsequent step is to use the Add to Library command in iTunes to add the documents to iTunes.

Configure iTunes Preferences
Open iTunes Preferences with the aid of choosing ‘Preferences’ from the iTunes menu.
Select the ‘Advanced’ tab.
Place a take a look at mark subsequent to ‘Keep iTunes Music folder prepared.’
Place a test mark next to ‘Copy documents to iTunes Music folder while including to library.’
Click the ‘OK’ button.
Add to Library
Select ‘Add to Library’ from the iTunes File menu.
Browse to the folder that includes your recovered iPod music.
Click the ‘Open’ button.
ITunes will replica the files to its library; it’ll also read the ID3 tags to set every track’s name, artist, album genre, and so forth.

You can also run into one unusual little quirk, depending on which iPod you’ve got and which version of iTunes you are the use of. Occasionally whilst the Add to Library command is used on recovered iPod documents, iTunes might not be capable of see the media documents in the song folder that you copied from your iPod, despite the fact that you may see them simply great in the Finder. To paintings around this hassle, certainly create a new folder to your computer, then reproduction the person track documents from the iPod Recovered folder to the brand new folder. For instance, inside your iPod Recovered folder (or some thing you chose to call it) may be a chain of folders called F00, F01, F02, etc. Inside the F series of folders are your media documents, with names like BBOV.Aif, BXMX.M4a, and so on. Copy the BBOV.Aif, BXMX.M4a, and different media documents to the brand new folder in your computing device, and then use the Add to Library command in iTunes to feature them for your iTunes library.

Send Those Formerly Hidden Files Back Into Hiding
During the recovery system, you made all the hidden files and folders on your Mac visible. Now each time you use the Finder, you spot all varieties of odd-looking entries. You recovered the formerly hidden files which you needed, so you can send them all again into hiding.

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How to Perform a Clean Install of macOS Sierra
macOS Sierra Installation technique bar
Installing the public beta of macOS Sierra isn’t difficult, however it is a superb concept to recognize the entire process. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
MacOS Sierra makes use of a new name for the Mac working machine, but the identical smooth deploy and upgrade set up methods which might be acquainted to maximum Mac customers are fully supported by way of the brand new OS.

The easy install choice is the installation method we are able to look at in this manual. Don’t fear if you will as an alternative employ the improve installation technique; we’ve got you protected with a whole manual to upgrading to macOS Sierra.

Clean or Upgrade Install of macOS Sierra?
The upgrade install is by far the perfect approach of upgrading your Mac to macOS Sierra. The upgrade set up preserves all of your modern user information, documents, and apps whilst upgrading the existing working system for your Mac’s startup force to macOS Sierra. The benefit is that when the improve is finished, your Mac is ready to move, with all your non-public records intact and ready for use.

The clean install alternative, however, replaces the contents of the goal drive, wiping away any existing records on the drive and changing it with a pristine reproduction of macOS Sierra. A smooth install may be an awesome preference in case you are experiencing software program primarily based troubles with your Mac that you haven’t been capable of rectify. Just don’t forget, that even as a easy set up can also solve the problem, you are successfully beginning over from scratch with all of your modern consumer statistics and applications gone.

Recommended Reading: macOS Disk Utility Can Create Four Popular RAID Arrays

What You Need to Perform a Clean Install of macOS Sierra
Before we get too some distance alongside, a word approximately this manual. The easy installation technique we will outline within the manual will work for both the gold grasp model in addition to the full released version of m acOS Sierra

Before assembling any of the wished additives for a smooth install, you have to confirm that your Mac is capable of run macOS Sierra:

The Minimum Requirements for Running macOS Sierra on a Mac

Once you’ve determined that your Mac is capable of utilising the brand new OS, you have to acquire the subsequent:

macOS Sierra Installer, to be had from the Mac App Store.
A 16 GB USB flash drive. The flash drive is needed for a smooth installation for your Mac’s startup drive. If you intend to apply the easy set up on a non-startup drive, you don’t want the USB flash drive.
A contemporary backup of your Mac. I relatively propose creating a a twin of your Mac earlier than performing the update. This will can help you effortlessly return your Mac to the circumstance it become in earlier than you installed macOS Sierra. At the very least, you should have a modern-day Time Machine backup or the equal.
Once you have got the whole thing that is wished, permit’s move on to page 2.

02
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macOS Sierra Clean Install Can Target Startup and Non-Startup Drives
macOS Utilities
After booting from the USB flash force, OS X Utilities window might be displayed. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
There are varieties of smooth installs that may be completed with the macOS Sierra installer to your Mac. Each has barely special requirements, but the cease result is a pristine model of macOS Sierra set up for your Mac.

Clean Install on a Non-Startup Drive
The first kind is to install the OS on an empty quantity or drive, or at least on a goal force that you don’t mind being erased and losing all of its records.

This is the very best form of clean set up to perform. It would not require you to make a bootable reproduction of the installer on account that you could run the installer directly from your Mac’s startup drive.

Of route, for this approach to work, you need to have an to be had second pressure or volume that you could use. For maximum Mac fashions, this means an outside drive of some type, which turns into the goal for the set up and will also emerge as the startup pressure each time you select to boot into macOS Sierra.

This form of installation is frequently used when you want to attempt out a new version of the Mac OS, however do not wish to definitely commit to the brand new OS and need with a view to hold to use the older version. It’s also a commonplace technique of set up for attempting out a public beta of macOS.

Clean Install on Your Mac’s Startup Drive
The 2nd type of clean installation is executed by way of first erasing your Mac’s modern-day startup drive, and then putting in macOS Sierra. This method requires you to make a bootable reproduction of the macOS Sierra installer, and use it as well from and then erase your Mac’s present day startup drive.

This approach will result in whole lack of all statistics at the startup force however may be an awesome choice for a few users. This is mainly actual if, through the years, your Mac has amassed quite some bits of statistics debris, the sort of factor that occurs if you have a number of apps that have been established and uninstalled over the years; this consists of acting quite a few OS upgrades as well. The resulting problems can display themselves in a variety of ways, such as your Mac going for walks slowly, having uncommon startup problems or shutdown troubles, crashes, or apps that do not run correctly or simply give up on their very own.

As long because the problem is not hardware-related, reformatting the startup pressure and acting a easy deploy of an OS may additionally do wonders in reviving your Mac.

Let’s Get Started: Clean Installing macOS Sierra
The essential difference between the 2 easy installation strategies comes down to the goal for the smooth set up.

If you will perform a smooth installation on the startup drive, you first want to create a bootable replica of the installer, boot from the bootable installer, erase the startup pressure, and then install macOS Sierra. Essentially, follow this guide beginning with the first step, and continue from there.

If you’re going to perform a easy set up on a non-startup pressure, you could bypass most of the initial steps, and jump proper to the point wherein you begin the installation of macOS Sierra. I advise studying via all the steps besides, before you sincerely carry out the set up so you’re familiar with the method.

To start the procedure, pass directly to page three.

03
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macOS Sierra Clean Install Requires Erasing the Target Drive
Disk Utility being used to erase a power for macOS Sierra set up
Disk Utility with the Mac startup disk decided on. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
To get started with a smooth set up of macOS Sierra on either a startup drive or a non-startup drive, make sure you’ve got accomplished the subsequent:

Backed up your Mac with Time Machine or the equal, and if feasible, created a a twin of your contemporary startup drive. I endorse doing this even in case your clean install target is a non-startup pressure.
Downloaded the macOS Sierra Installer from the Mac App Store. Hint, you could quick discover the brand new OS by using the search area inside the Mac App save.
Once the download of the macOS Sierra Installer completes, it will automatically launch the installer. Quit the macOS Sierra Installer app with out performing the set up.
Preliminary Steps for Clean Install on a Non-Startup Drive
In order to perform a smooth set up on a non-startup power, you’ll need to erase the target power if it incorporates any of the alternative Mac running structures. If the non-startup power is already empty, or only contains private facts, then you can pass the erase system.

To erase the non-startup pressure, use the commands discovered in either:

Format Your Mac’s Drives Using Disk Utility

or

Format a Mac’s Drive Using Disk Utility (OS X El Capitan or later)

After the non-startup power is erased, you could jump to page four to continue the install system.

Preliminary Steps for Clean Install on a Mac Startup Drive
Follow the instructions within the How to Make a Bootable Flash Installer of OS X or macOS guide. This will make the bootable flash force you need.
Connect the bootable flash power containing the macOS Sierra installer to your Mac.
Restart your Mac whilst protecting down the option key.
After a piece of a wait, your Mac will show the macOS Startup Manager, for you to display all of the bootable gadgets that your Mac can start up from. Use the arrow keys to pick out the macOS Sierra installer on the USB pressure, and then press the input or go back key for your keyboard.
Your Mac will begin up from the USB flash drive. This can take a piece of time, depending on how speedy the USB port is, and how rapid the USB flash pressure is.
The installer will show a welcome display screen asking you to select a country/language to use. Make your choice and click on the Continue button.
Once the startup procedure completes, your Mac will show the macOS Utilities window, with the subsequent alternatives listed:
Restore from Time Machine Backup
Install macOS
Get Help Online
Disk Utility
To maintain with the smooth installation, we need to erase your Mac’s startup power by making use of Disk Utility.
WARNING: You are approximately to completely erase the contents of your Mac’s startup force. This can consist of the modern-day model of the OS, in addition to all your private statistics, along with music, films, photos, and apps. Make certain you have got a modern backup of the startup pressure before persevering with.
Select the Disk Utility item, and then click on the Continue button.
Disk Utility will launch and display the drives and volumes presently attached in your Mac.
In the left-hand pane, select the quantity you wish to erase. It will in all likelihood be named Macintosh HD if you in no way bothered to change the Mac’s default call for the startup force.
With the startup quantity decided on, click the erase button in Disk Utility’s toolbar.
A sheet will display, permitting you to provide the volume a name, in addition to pick a layout to apply. Make sure the Format drop-down menu is set to OS X Extended (Journaled). You also can enter a name for the startup extent if you wish, or use the default Macintosh HD call.
Click the Erase button.
The drop-down sheet will alternate to display the erase system. Normally, that is very brief; once the erase technique is entire, click on the Done button.
You’re finished with Disk Utility. Select Quit Disk Utility from the Disk Utility menu.
The macOS Utilities window will reappear.
Start the Install of macOS Sierra
The startup quantity has now been erased, and you’re geared up to begin the actual installation manner.

From the macOS Utilities window, pick Install macOS, and then click on the Continue button.
The set up system will begin. Continue directly to page four.

04
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Select the Target Drive for a Clean Install of macOS Sierra
macOS installer’s choose disk alternative
Select the disk to install macOS Sierra on. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
I cited a few pages back that there were clean deploy options: to put in on the startup force or to install on a non-startup power. The set up techniques are approximately to come back together, following a common direction.

If you chose to put in on a non-startup power, then you definately’re equipped to start the set up method. You’ll locate the macOS Sierra Installer inside the /Applications folder. Go beforehand and release the installer.

If you decided to put in macOS Sierra on your startup drive, then you definitely have already erased the startup power and began the installer, as outlined on page three.

We’re now equipped for both varieties of installations to follow the same path.

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There’s a brand new port on the town and it plans on changing all other ports your Mac may also currently have. Yes, I’m talking about the USB-C port first delivered with the 12-inch MacBook, and then later, the 2016 MacBook Pros.

The 12-inch MacBook currently supports most effective USB three.1 Gen 1, which allows the port to be used for charging, video out, and USB 3 information. While the usage of the USB-C port became barely innovative, it’s the model on the 2016 MacBook Pro that you’ll be seeing on new Macs to return down the street.

The new USB-C ports aid Thunderbolt 3 connectivity standards.

Thunderbolt 3
Thunderbolt 3 can carry 100 watts of strength, USB three.1 Gen 2, DisplayPort, HDMI, VGA, and Thunderbolt information at 40 Gbps, all over a simple little USB-C port connector. I guess you can say that is the one port to rule them all, and it method an stop to all the ports we’re used to seeing on our Macs, and for that depend, PCs as properly. Another interesting tidbit: This is the primary Mac, ever, to no longer include a proprietary port from Apple.

Most people who already have a set of peripherals, from printers, scanners, and cameras, to outside drives, displays, iPhones, and iPads, are going to want a few form of adapter to make the connection to the brand new Thunderbolt three ports.

Note: I’m going to consult the new port as Thunderbolt three, and could point out the particular signal type most effective while needed for explanation.

Thunderbolt three Accessories
Peripheral producers are hard at paintings developing new versions of their merchandise with Thunderbolt three ports.

That will make connecting your new Mac to these devices an clean prospect, with simplest one sort of cable and no adapters wished. Monitors are already available with Thunderbolt 3, external enclosures, docking stations, and much more. Soon we’ll see printer and scanner manufacturers jumping on the bandwagon, accompanied by way of camera makers and others.

Until then, this guide will assist you get your new Thunderbolt three Mac connected to older peripherals, in addition to help the ones people with older Macs make a connection, whilst possible, to new Thunderbolt 3 gadgets.

Adapters You Will Need
Although this guide is written with Mac customers in mind, the adapters and fashionable records contained inside will paintings similarly properly for any computing tool the usage of Thunderbolt 3 ports, so be sure to percentage this guide along with your buddies who use Linux or Windows.

Thunderbolt three to USB three, USB 2, USB 1.1
This form of adapter is to be had as a cable of various lengths, with a USB-C connector on one give up and a USB Type-A connector on the other. The different shape this adapter takes has no cabling, just the 2 ports; one on every cease. Either kind is usable; it simply relies upon on what you in particular want.

Although USB Type-A could be the maximum commonplace form for this adapter, there are smatterings of adapters that forgo the standard Type-A connector for the USB Type-B or micro-USB connector.

You can use this sort of adapter to attach a Thunderbolt three laptop to standard USB 3, USB 2, or maybe USB 1.1 gadgets. This includes flash drives, cameras, printers, and more. You can even use this adapter to hook up with your iPhone or iPad, furnished you even have a Lightning to USB adapter.

One note about those adapters: the rate is limited to five Gbps, the same as USB three. If you want to attach a USB three.1 Gen 2 tool that may guide 10 Gbps, see the Thunderbolt three to Thunderbolt three access, beneath.

Thunderbolt 3 to HDMI
This form of adapter is ideal for connecting your Mac or PC to the HDMI enter of a show or TV. This sort of adapter is for fundamental HDMI helping a 1080p signal at 60 Hz. You can discover some so one can output a UHD (3840 x 2160), however only at 30 Hz. If you’re searching out an adapter to handle a 4K or 5K display at 60 Hz, you’ll want an adapter that supports DisplayPort connectivity.

Thunderbolt three to VGA
Simple VGA adapters are available that provide a VGA sign to a display; they have a tendency to be limited to 1080p. Once again, for higher resolution look to the DisplayPort adapters.

Thunderbolt three to DisplayPort
This adapter is the one you’re seeking out if you want DisplayPort or DVI connectivity. This form of adapter can guide 4K Single-Stream Transport shows, in addition to 5K/4K Multi-Stream Transport.

Thunderbolt three to Lightning
I mentioned in advance that a Thunderbolt three to USB adapter ought to paintings with the Lightning to USB adapter you could have already got to your iPhone. But you may don’t forget it a chunk of kludge to apply two adapters to make a unmarried connection. I agree; the less connectors and adapters in line, the much less danger there’s for a failure. Thankfully, there is a single adapter you could use available from Apple, in addition to some 1/3 parties.

Thunderbolt three to Thunderbolt 2 or Thunderbolt 1
If you have already got Thunderbolt 2 or Thunderbolt 1 devices, this is the adapter you need. Surprisingly, the best supplying available, as a minimum in the interim, comes from Apple, which gives a bidirectional Thunderbolt three to Thunderbolt 2/1 adapter at a low price.

This Apple adapter additionally works for connecting Thunderbolt 2-primarily based Macs to Thunderbolt 3 peripherals. But earlier than you say yippee and run out to shop for this adapter and that newfangled Thunderbolt three tool, make certain the Thunderbolt 3 peripheral will paintings with a Thunderbolt 2 Mac.

The Thunderbolt three specification says it’s backwards well matched with the older Thunderbolt 2. But more than one manufacturer has stated that its Thunderbolt three peripherals are not compatible. The reason seems to be twofold; first, a few early USB-C controller chips appear to have a backward compatibility trouble; and second, a Thunderbolt 3 peripheral, at the same time as the usage of a Thunderbolt three port, isn’t surely the use of the Thunderbolt statistics channels; rather, it is making the relationship over the USB three.1 Gen 2 channels. Thunderbolt 2 became never like minded with USB, so this association, despite an adapter, might not work.

Thunderbolt 3 to FireWire
If you want to connect a FireWire 800 or FireWire four hundred device to a brand new Mac the use of the Thunderbolt three port, you’re in for a kludge of adapters. At the instant, there’s no direct Thunderbolt three to FireWire adapter to be had, and I doubt one will ever be made. However, Apple makes a Thunderbolt 2 to FireWire 800 adapter, which you can combine with the Thunderbolt 3 to Thunderbolt 2 bidirectional adapter stated above.

If you need FireWire 400, then you’ll ought to upload another item to the mixture: a FireWire 800 to FireWire four hundred adapter. I’m informed this can work, however my suggestion is this: if you need to do that to get admission to a few stored statistics on a FireWire device, quick copy it to a brand new storage device and retire your FireWire system.

If your goal is to maintain a FireWire-based video or audio enhancing gadget running, this conglomeration of connectors and adapters might not prove dependable. My recommendation is to improve to some thing more moderen and higher supported.

Thunderbolt three to Thunderbolt three
This is the kind of cable is used for connecting a Mac or PC with Thunderbolt three to any Thunderbolt three tool; displays, garage, what have you ever. It can also be used for daisy chaining one Thunderbolt three peripheral to any other.

Don’t be fooled through cables that have a USB-C connector at every cease; this does not symbolize the cable is a Thunderbolt three cable. It could be a USB-C cable assisting USB 3.1 Gen 1 or Gen 2 alerts. You can inform the 2 forms of similar-looking cables apart with the aid of examining the USB-C connector; you ought to see a unmarried lightning bolt logo for Thunderbolt cables.

USB-C (USB 3.1 Gen 1) to USB-A (USB 3)
You can use the Thunderbolt three to USB 3 adapter listed above to hook up with USB three gadgets. However, in case you want to save a touch bit of value, USB-C to USB-A adapters are slightly much less highly-priced.

USB-C to USB-C
You can use the Thunderbolt 3 to Thunderbolt 3 cable to make this connection, but if all you need is USB three.1 Gen 1 or Gen 2 connectivity, you could store a chunk with this less highly-priced cable. Just remember this cable won’t paintings while used with Thunderbolt three gadgets.

You can pick out this cable through searching on the connector. If you see a SuperSpeed emblem (SS), then the connector helps USB three.1 Gen 1. If you spot a SuperSpeed+ or SS 10 logo, then the cable helps USB three.1 Gen 2.

USB-C Charging
This type of cable is designed only for charging and strolling electricity to gadgets. The charging specification for Thunderbolt three and USB-C permits as much as a hundred watts of electricity that can be delivered to the linked device.

New Macs, which include the MacBook Pro, include a charging adapter and the wanted cable, but, if you need a brand new charging cable, you may search for one categorized to use for charging. But if push comes to shove, a general USB-C to USB-C, or a Thunderbolt three to Thunderbolt three will work for charging functions as properly.

Thunderbolt three is Here to Stay
Thunderbolt 3 is speedy, versatile, and clearly, nicely on its manner to being a well-known connection for maximum matters you may attach to a laptop. Apple has long gone entire hog, ripping out legacy ports and changing them with Thunderbolt 3. The handiest non-Thunderbolt port is the headphone jack, and I believe even in order to go away sooner or later, replaced entirely via wireless connections or third-celebration Thunderbolt docking stations with headphone and microphone inputs.

PCs will likely hang onto legacy ports for some time longer, however even the ones will provide manner to Thunderbolt three or its later incarnations. At some factor, adapters becomes more difficult to discover as greater Thunderbolt-primarily based peripherals flood the marketplace.

If you propose on keeping your modern-day Mac or PC for a piece, I propose stocking up on adapters whilst they are plentiful and less expensive.

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You know Siri. She’s that quirky non-public voice assistant that you use on your iPhone and different iOS gadgets. Well, now could be she on the Mac and equipped to do her best to be a help and now not a hinderance. Now, even though you are familiar with Siri, it’s crucial to remember that Siri at the Mac would not work quite like Siri on iOS devices.

Hey Siri
If you’ve got an iPhone, you are possibly used to announcing “Hey Siri” to start a session with Siri.

You can be asking for the weather, or guidelines, possibly a virtually appropriate pizza joint. Regardless of the question you want to invite, you generally start the communication by getting the eye of the private voice assistant by using announcing, “Hey Siri.”

Saying Hey Siri may even get the eye of the miniature assistant filled into the Apple Watch. But in terms of the Mac, no amount of voice-primarily based prodding is going to get Siri’s attention. Seems the Mac and Apple have grew to become a deaf ear to the Hey Siri phrase, and as a substitute pressure you to use keyboard combinations, or mouse or trackpad clicks, to get Siri to wake up and pay attention in your requests.

Enhanced Dictation to the Rescue
Apple might also have chosen to depart Siri deaf until you manually turn the assistant on, but it doesn’t should be that way. The Mac has been able to take dictation and flip your voice into words for the reason that launch of OS X Mountain Lion.

It wasn’t the great of dictation apps out there at the time, but it’d ultimately come to be a effective core service of the Mac OS. By the time OS X Mavericks occurred, Dictation were progressed. It no longer best could be used for changing your spoken voice to phrases, but you can additionally assign positive words and terms to be used as instructions to control diverse Mac services, functions, and apps.

It’s this feature of Dictation that we are going to use to permit Siri to awaken and reply while she hears the acquainted Hey Siri greeting. Actually, you’re no longer caught with Hey Siri; you can use any word or phrase you want; Hey What’s Your Name, or Answer Me This. It’s up to you what word to apply, even though I’ll demonstrate the procedure with the antique favorite, Hey Siri.

Enable Siri
The first step is to enable Siri. To do that, you need a Mac jogging macOS Sierra or later, in addition to a first rate first-rate inner or outside microphone.

For instructions on enabling Siri, take a look at Getting Siri Working on Your Mac, after which pop on again here.

Shortcut Keys
The hardest part of this method is coming up with a completely unique combination of keys that, while pressed, will allow Siri. Apple gives its developers a list of keyboard shortcuts used globally through macOS. It’s not an amazing concept to use any of the keyboard shortcuts listed within the Keyboard Shortcuts for macOS table.

I determined to use manipulate + duration (⌃.) since Apple uses the duration sparingly for keyboard shortcuts. There’s nonetheless no guarantee that an man or woman app isn’t always already the use of this aggregate, however thus far, it has labored for me.

Assign the Siri Shortcut Keys
Launch System Preferences by using clicking on its icon within the Dock, or deciding on System Preferences from the Apple menu.

In the System Preferences window, choose the Siri preference pane.
In the Siri preference pane, discover the popup menu next to the Keyboard Shortcuts textual content, and then use the menu to select Customize.
Press the manage + length keys (or whichever keyboard shortcut you want to use).
Return to the overall listing of choice panes through clicking the lower back button within the Siri preference pane toolbar.
Enable Dictation
In the System Preferences window, pick the Keyboard choice pane.
Select the Dictation tab inside the Keyboard desire pane window.
Turn Dictation on.
Dictation can be carried out both with the aid of far off Apple servers, which takes a computational load off your Mac, or it could be accomplished regionally on your Mac. The advantage of selecting Enhanced Dictation is that your Mac will perform the conversion, and no facts might be sent to Apple.
Click the box classified Use Enhanced Dictation.
Enhanced Dictation requires a download to your Mac of the Dictation Translation machine; it is able to take a few minutes.
Once the down load is complete, you could go back to the main System Preferences window by deciding on the back button within the preference pane’s toolbar.
Accessibility
To permit voice commands, we’re going to use the Accessibility preference pane to associate a word with the key-word shortcut we created for Siri.

In the System Preferences window, choose the Accessibility preference pane.
Scroll down through the sidebar to pick out the Dictation object.
Place a checkmark within the box classified Enable the Dictation Keyword Phrase.
In the sector simply below the checkbox, input the keyword word ‘Hey’ (without the charges).
The word Hey could be used to prompt the Dictation device.
Click the Dictation Commands button.
Place a checkbox in the container categorized Enable Advanced Commands.
Click the plus sign (+) to feature a brand new command.
In the field labeled When I say:, input the phrase Siri.
Use the dropdown menu next to the While using: textual content to pick Any Application.
Use the dropdown menu next to the Perform: textual content to choose the movement to be performed when the phrase Siri is detected. In this case, choose Press Keyboard Shortcut.
Enter the keyboard shortcut you assigned to permit Siri. In this situation, the shortcut is control + . (⌃.)
Click the Done button.
You can near System Preferences.
Using Siri With Voice Activation
That’s everything you need to do to permit Siri to be voice activated on your Mac. You’re now geared up to give voice activation a strive. Go in advance and say Hey Siri; the Siri window must open, asking, What can I assist you with today? Ask Siri about the weather, wherein to discover a top pizza joint, or to open Lifewire.Com.

Summary
The technique to get Siri to be voice activated involved three extraordinary steps:

Defining a key-word shortcut for Siri.

Enabling Dictation and using Dictation instructions.

Defining a new Dictation command that launches Siri.

The Hey Siri voice command really executed features. The first phrase, Hey, activated the Dictation command processor and allowed it to listen for a phrase that it can fit to a stored command. ‘Siri’ become the phrase associated with a specific Dictation command that resulted inside the press of the earlier defined Siri shortcut key.

If you would really like to use a exclusive voice command, it’ll need to incorporate at least phrases; one to set off Dictation and one to be the Dictation command.

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How to Install and Dual Boot Linux and Mac OS
Penguin the usage of computer
Linux can run on many computer systems, together with your MacBook. John Coulter / Getty Images
The Mac is one of the most dependable computing structures to be had, and may make a amazing platform for not simplest running the Mac OS, consisting of the cutting-edge macOS Sierra, however additionally Windows and Linux. In truth, the MacBook Pro is a totally famous platform for walking Linux.

Under the hood, the Mac’s hardware is remarkably just like most of the parts utilized in contemporary PCs. You’ll discover the equal processor households, pics engines, networking chips, and a extremely good deal extra.

Running Windows on a Mac
When Apple changed from PowerPC architecture to Intel, many wondered if the Intel Macs should run Windows. Turns out the simplest actual stumbling block was getting Windows to run on an EFI-based motherboard as opposed to the then tons more commonplace BIOS-based designs.

Apple even lent a hand to the attempt via liberating Boot Camp, a utility that blanketed Windows drivers for all the hardware inside the Mac, the ability to assist a person in putting in place the Mac for dual booting among the Mac OS and Windows, and an assistant for partitioning and formatting a power for use with the aid of the Windows OS.

Running Linux on a Mac
If you may run Windows on a Mac, honestly you have to be able to run just about any OS this is designed for the Intel structure, proper? Generally, that is proper, although, like a lot of factors, the satan is within the info. Many Linux distributions are able to run very properly on a Mac, although there may be demanding situations to installing and configuring the OS.

Installation and Drivers
The troubles I’ve stumble upon for buying a Linux distribution working a Mac have typically revolved round two trouble regions: getting an installer to paintings successfully with the Mac, and locating and putting in all of the needed drivers to ensure the important bits of your Mac will paintings. This can include getting the drivers needed for Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, in addition to drivers wished for the pictures system your Mac uses.

It’s a shame Apple doesn’t offer general drivers that could be used with Linux, along side a primary installer and assistant, as it has accomplished with Windows. But till that occurs (and I wouldn’t maintain my breath), you will have to address the set up and configuration problems incredibly by using yourself.

I say “incredibly” because I’m going to provide a basic guide to getting a favourite Linux distribution working on an iMac, as well as introduce you to resources that will let you song down drivers you need, or assist clear up set up troubles you can come across.

Ubuntu
There are many Linux distributions you can choose from for this venture; some of the exceptional recognised consist of (in no precise order) Debian, MATE, fundamental OS, Arch Linux, OpenSUSE, Ubuntu, and Mint. I determined to apply Ubuntu for this task, especially due to the very lively forums and assist to be had from the Ubuntu network, as well as the insurance of Ubuntu supplied in our very own Linux How-To’s.

Why Install Ubuntu on Your Mac?
There are a ton of reasons to want to have Ubuntu (or your preferred Linux distribution) running on your Mac. You can also simply want to expand your era chops, learn about a exclusive OS, or have one or greater unique apps you need to run. You can be a Linux developer and recognize that the Mac is the very great platform to apply (I may be biased in that point of view), or you could really need to try Ubuntu out.

No remember the purpose, this project will help you put in Ubuntu to your Mac, in addition to permit your Mac to without problems dual boot among Ubuntu and Mac OS. Actually, the method we will use for twin booting can effortlessly be increased to triple booting or more.

What You Need
A recent backup. I advocate a clone on an outside bootable pressure that consists of a replica of the Recovery HD volume. I endorse Carbon Copy Cloner, which can create the clone and encompass the Recovery partition. Once you have got a running clone, disconnect it out of your Mac to make certain that the clone backup isn’t always accidentally erased at some stage in the Ubuntu deploy.
A Mac with 2 GB of RAM and a 2 GHz dual-core processor. As you may suspect, those are the bare minimums; greater RAM and faster processor speeds or extra processor cores can best be helpful. I’m installing on a 2014 27-inch Retina iMac, but the fundamental technique need to work for any present day Mac (more recent than 2011). If you are going to use an older Mac, you need to nonetheless be capable of installation Ubuntu however you’ll want to pay attention to how the boot procedure works for older hardware. If you’ve got problems getting your older Mac to work with Ubuntu, stop by way of the Ubuntu boards and search for set up publications to your Mac version.
A 2 GB or larger USB flash force. The flash pressure may be used as a bootable Ubuntu installer that consists of not simplest the simple installer, but a stay version of Ubuntu that you may run immediately from the USB flash force without modifying something on your Mac. This is a super way to check whether or not your Mac and Ubuntu can get alongside.
A USB keyboard and mouse. You need a USB-based totally keyboard and mouse as it’s especially probably that the Ubuntu Bluetooth drivers will need to be set up or updated before a wireless keyboard or mouse will work.
25 GB free drive area. This is the minimal size endorsed for the desktop model of Ubuntu that we are going to be installing; greater area to work with may be a gain.
Ubuntu sixteen.04.1 LTS. This is the cutting-edge strong version of Ubuntu that was available when I started this task. Later variations need to paintings as well, just check the discharge notes for any particular changes which can affect set up or use on your Mac.
Level of Difficulty
This assignment is for advanced users who have the time to paintings via troubles which could increase alongside the manner, and are inclined to reinstall the Mac OS and their data if troubles occur during the system.

I don’t accept as true with there will be any big problems, however the capability exists, so be prepared, have a current backup, and read thru the complete technique before putting in Ubuntu.

02
of 06
Create a Live Bootable USB Ubuntu Installer for Mac OS
Unetbootin Live USB introduction device
UNetbootin simplifies the advent of a Live USB Ubuntu installer for your Mac. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
Our first assignment in putting in and configuring Ubuntu for your Mac is to create a live bootable USB flash pressure that incorporates the Ubuntu Desktop OS. We will use this flash pressure to now not simplest set up Ubuntu, but to test that Ubuntu can run for your Mac through the usage of the capacity as well Ubuntu immediately from the USB stick without having to carry out an set up. This lets us take a look at simple operations before you decide to altering your Mac’s configuration to accommodate Ubuntu.

Preparing the USB Flash Drive
One of the first obstacles you could come upon is how the flash drive need to be formatted. Many parents mistakenly consider the flash force needs to be in a bootable FAT format, requiring the partition kind to be Master Boot Record, and the layout type to be MS-DOS (FAT). While this can be actual of installations on PCs, your Mac is searching out GUID partition sorts for booting, so we need to layout the USB flash drive to be used on the Mac.

Insert the USB flash force, after which launch Disk Utility, which is placed at /Applications/Utilities/.
Locate the flash drive in Disk Utility’s sidebar. Be positive to pick out the real flash force, and now not the formatted quantity that could seem just beneath the flash pressure’s producer call.
Warning: The following procedure will completely erase any records you may have at the USB flash drive.
Click the Erase button within the Disk Utility toolbar.
The Erase sheet will drop down. Set the Erase sheet to the following options:
Name: UBUNTU
Format: MS-DOS (FAT)
Scheme: GUID Partition Map
Once the Erase sheet fits the settings above, click on the Erase button.
The USB flash power could be erased. When the procedure is complete, click the Done button.
Before you depart Disk Utility you need to make a word of the flash pressure’s tool name. Make positive the flash pressure named UBUNTU is chosen inside the sidebar, then in the main panel, look for the entry categorized Device. You must see the tool name, which includes disk2s2, or in my case, disk7s2. Write down the tool name; you will want it later.
You can end Disk Utility.
UNetbootin Utility
We’re going to use UNetbootin, a unique software for developing the Live Ubuntu installer on the USB flash force. UNetbootin will download the Ubuntu ISO, convert it to an image layout the Mac can use, create the boot chain wished by means of the installer for the Mac OS, and then replica it to the USB flash power.

UNetbootin can be downloaded from the UNetbootin github website online. Be certain to pick out the Mac OS X version (even in case you’re using macOS Sierra).
The utility will down load as a disk photo, with the name unetbootin-mac-625.Dmg. The actual variety in the document call might also exchange as more moderen versions are released.
Locate the downloaded UNetbootin disk picture; it’ll probable be to your Downloads folder. Double-click the .Dmg document to mount the image to your Mac’s computer.
The UNetbootin image will open. You don’t want to transport the app to your Applications folder, even though you may in case you desire. The app will paintings simply first-rate from in the disk photo.
Launch UNetbootin by right-clicking at the unetbootin app and selecting Open from the popup menu. We’re the use of this method to launch the app because the developer is not a registered Apple developer, and your Mac’s safety settings can also save you the app from launching. This technique of launching the app lets you pass the fundamental security settings without having to enter the System Preferences to exchange them.
Your Mac’s safety gadget will nonetheless warn you about the developer of the app being unrecognized, and ask if you really want to run the app. Click the Open button.
A dialog field will open, saying osascript wants to make changes. Enter your administrator password and click on OK.
The UNetbootin window will open.
Note: UNetbootin supports developing the Live USB installer for Linux the usage of an ISO file you previously downloaded, or it is able to down load the Linux distribution for you. Do now not select the ISO alternative; UNetbootin is currently unable to create a Mac-well suited bootable USB pressure using a Linux ISO you download as the supply. It can, however, properly create the bootable USB drive whilst it downloads the Linux documents from inside the app.
Make certain Distribution is selected, then use the Select Distribution dropdown menu to choose the Linux distribution you would really like to install at the USB flash power. For this assignment, select Ubuntu.
Use the Select Version dropdown menu to pick out sixteen.04_Live_x64.
Tip: I decided on the sixteen.04_Live_x64 version because my Mac uses a 64-bit architecture. Some early Intel Macs used a 32-bit architecture, and you could want to pick the sixteen.04_Live model rather.
Tip: If you’re a piece adventurous, you may pick out the Daily_Live or Daily_Live_x64 variations, which will have the maximum present day beta version of Ubuntu. This can be helpful if you have troubles with the Live USB walking successfully for your Mac, or with drivers along with Wi-Fi, Display, or Bluetooth now not running.
The UNetbootin app must now listing the type (USB Drive) and Drive name that the Ubuntu Live distribution can be copied to. The Type menu need to be populated with USB Drive, and the Drive must fit as much as the tool name you made a observe of in advance, while you had been formatting the USB flash force.
Once you have got confirmed that UNetbootin has the proper Distribution, Version, and USB Drive selected, click on the OK button.
UNetbootin will download the chosen Linux distribution, create the Live Linux install files, create the bootloader, and duplicate them on your USB flash power.
When UNetbootin finishes, you can see the following caution: “The created USB tool will now not boot off a Mac. Insert it into a PC, and pick out the USB boot choice within the BIOS boot menu.” You can ignore this caution as long as you used the Distribution alternative and no longer the ISO alternative whilst growing the bootable USB drive.
Click the Exit button.
The Live USB flash drive containing Ubuntu has been created and is prepared to try out on your Mac.

03
of 06
Creating a Ubuntu Partition on Your Mac
Use Disk Utility to Partition for a Ubuntu Volume
Disk Utility can partitionan present extent to make room for Ubuntu. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
If you plan on permanently installing Ubuntu in your Mac whilst maintaining Mac OS, you will need to create one or greater volumes specially for housing the Ubuntu OS.

The procedure is truely quite simple; if you’ve ever partitioned your Mac’s drives, then you definately already understand the stairs concerned. Essentially, you may use Disk Utility to partition an current quantity, consisting of your Mac’s startup pressure, to make room for a 2nd volume. You can also use an entire drive, aside from your startup pressure, to residence Ubuntu, or you can create every other partition on a non-startup power. As you may see, there are masses of choices.

Just to add any other choice, you can additionally install Ubuntu on an external power connected thru USB or Thunderbolt.

Ubuntu Partitioning Requirements
You may additionally have heard that Linux OSes need a couple of partitions to run at their first-class; one partition for disk swap area, another for the OS, and a 3rd on your private statistics.

While Ubuntu can use a couple of partitions, it is also able to being set up in a unmarried partition as well, that’s the approach we can use. You can constantly add a switch partition later from within Ubuntu.

Why Create Just One Partition Now?
We’re going to apply the disk partitioning software covered with Ubuntu to in reality create the wished garage space. What we want the Mac’s Disk Utility to do for us is outline that area, so it’s clean to pick and use whilst putting in Ubuntu. Think of it this way: while we get to the factor in the Ubuntu installation wherein the drive area is assigned, we don’t need to by accident pick out the prevailing Mac OS drive, or any of t

READhe Mac OS statistics drives you use, because growing the distance will erase any information on the selected quantity.

Instead, we will create a quantity with an easy to perceive call, layout, and length so that it will stand out whilst it comes time to pick out a volume for the Ubuntu set up.

Use Disk Utility to Create the Ubuntu Install Target
There is a exceptional write-up I’m going to ship you off to study that tells you the details, step-by way of-step, for formatting and partitioning a extent the use of the Mac’s Disk Utility

Warning: Partitioning, resizing, and formatting any pressure can result in facts loss. Make sure you’ve got a modern-day backup of any information on the selected drives worried.
Tip: If you’re the usage of a Fusion power, the Mac OS imposes a restrict of two partitions at the Fusion volume. If you have already created a Windows Boot Camp partition, you won’t be capable of upload a Ubuntu partition as well. Consider the usage of an outside drive with Ubuntu as an alternative.
If you’re going to use an present partition, test these guides to resizing and partitioning:

Disk Utility: How to Resize a Mac Volume (OS X El Capitan or Later)

Partition a Drive with OS X El Capitan’s Disk Utility

If you plan on the use of an entire power for Ubuntu, use the formatting guide:

Format a Mac’s Drive Using Disk Utility (OS X El Capitan or later)

No count number which of the guides you operate, understand that the partition scheme need to be GUID Partitioning Map, and the format may be MS-DOS (FAT) or ExFat. The layout does not definitely matter due to the fact it’s going to alternate when you installation Ubuntu; its purpose right here is only to make it smooth to identify which disk and partition you will be the use of for Ubuntu later on within the deploy system.

One final notice: Give the extent a meaningful call, including UBUNTU, and make a observe of the partition length you are making. Both pieces of records will assist in figuring out the extent later, at some point of the Ubuntu install.

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I’ve waited impatiently for Siri to come back to the Mac, which continually seemed to me to be a perfect surroundings for the smooth-spoken virtual assistant to take in residence on. Not best does Siri paintings nicely on the Mac, the Mac model of Siri brings new abilties and functions. After all, Siri on iOS gadgets is restrained a bit, due to the available processing energy, storage, and reminiscence on an iPhone or iPad.

In addition, the Mac has pretty some greater peripherals available that would advantage from using Siri as an interface detail.

“Siri, print and collate six copies of the document 2017 quarterly report”

Siri won’t be quite as much as that command but, however it may now not be too a long way off. With the electricity to be had to your Mac, it would be clean enough for Siri to recognize “print” as a command to open the default app for the file named “2017 quarterly file” and then print out the number of copies requested. Collating could be a provider provided via the printer.

Although Siri doesn’t recognize “print” but, there may be already a manner to be had to apply a voice command to print from an utility. You can locate info within the Control Your Mac With Voice Commands guide.

Siri Command List for the Mac
While we wait on Siri to benefit a chunk more intelligence, you may nonetheless use it for a fantastic quantity of commands for features observed simplest at the Mac, in addition to for most of the commonplace instructions that have been a part of Siri since it was first launched for the iPhone 4S in 2011.

To help you are making the fine use of Siri on your Mac, here’s the 2017 listing of Siri commands that the Mac OS understands.

About Your Mac
How speedy is my Mac?: Siri knows a number of variations of this query, which includes “what processor do I even have?” and “is my Mac speedy?”. Siri will solution with details about the processor used by your Mac, what number of cores it has, and the rate at which the processor runs. Siri may even offer to reveal you extra details. If you choose the Details choice, the About This Mac app can be launched.

How tons reminiscence does my Mac have?: There are a number of one-of-a-kind methods to ask this question, and to this point, Siri responded to all the ones I notion of successfully with the aid of telling me the quantity of RAM on my Mac, the speed of the reminiscence, and the sort hooked up. Siri can even provide to reveal extra information, so that it will open the About This Mac app. Unfortunately, Siri isn’t smart sufficient yet to choose the Memory tab in the app for you.
What’s my Mac serial range?: Siri will go back the Mac’s serial quantity. You can shorten the command to just “serial number” and the equal end result can be lower back.
How a lot unfastened space do I have?: Siri will go back the amount of free area available on the startup pressure. Siri doesn’t recognize whilst you ask this query approximately other drives, which include “How a good deal free space do I even have on Tardis?” (that’s my Time Machine force). Siri additionally offers the same answer to how lots loose space and how much total area, which are not really the identical question.
How a good deal iCloud storage do I even have?: The unfastened area currently available to your iCloud account is returned. Siri would not seem to respond nicely to versions of this question, which includes definitely asking “icloud garage.”
What OS version is this?: Siri responds to this query with the version range and construct range, which include macOS 10.12.3 (16D32). It’s a piece disappointing that the OS name, together with Sierra, is not given.

Finder
Siri gives some of methods to locate and show folders and files; it is aware a number of references to a folder. You can ask Siri to:

Open my Expenses folder.
Show my Downloads folder.
Get the Travel Plans folder.
Each command will cause Siri to search the Finder and show the discovered folder inside the Siri window. Open, Show, and Get may be interchanged. It’s really useful to apply the word folder in the command, so Siri is aware of it is looking the Finder for a folder and no longer opening an application that could have the identical call, consisting of “Open Photos” as opposed to “Open Photos folder.”

Siri can locate files simply as easily as folders, and you could use a number of modifiers to both assist in the search and outline what to do with the record whilst observed:

Open the layout overview document in Pages. “Open” is excellent used while you wish to launch an app to view a selected record. If no app is distinct, the default app is used to open the record. In order to open a document in an app, the record ought to be precise; for example, saying “Open untitled” will probably lead to Siri displaying a number of documents with the call untitled inside the name.

Get the Word document Yosemite Firefall. An software type, consisting of Word doc, can be used to assist Siri pick out a document.

Show the pix on my Desktop. Desktop is a area modifier that Siri is familiar with. In this case, Siri will best look in the Desktop folder for image documents. You can use any folder call as a vicinity modifier.

Show me the files I sent to Mary. The name you operate desires to be contained in the Contacts app.

Find the spreadsheet despatched to me this week. You can specify dates or time frames, along with today, this week, or this month.

For the most component, Get, Show, and Find are interchangeable, but, I determined that Show labored higher when using a time frame modifier. In all instances, the files Siri observed had been proven in the Siri window, and could be opened from there by double-clicking the document name.

System Preferences
All of the Mac’s machine possibilities are available via Siri with the aid of the use of the Open command along with the preference call. Be certain to encompass the word choices, including:

Open Display options.
By adding the possibilities modifier, Siri may not be careworn and become showing a popular search or establishing an app with a comparable name.

Some, however never all, of the system preference settings can be accessed the use of Siri and beginning your command with “Go to” or “Open.” Some examples:

Go to display saver settings: Opens the Desktop & Screen Saver desire pane and selects the Screen Saver tab.
Go to Desktop settings: Opens the Desktop & Screen Saver desire pane and selects the Desktop tab.
Open Privacy settings: Opens the Security & Privacy desire pane and selects the Privacy tab.
In addition to deciding on tabs in a desire pane, there are some of choice settings you can access immediately:

Is Bluetooth on?: Returns the present day status of Bluetooth.
Turn on Bluetooth: Enables Bluetooth. You also can use the words Activate or Enable in area of the phrase Turn on.
Turn off Bluetooth: Disables Bluetooth. Deactivate or Disable can be used in location of Turn off.
Is Wi-Fi on?: Returns the modern-day repute of your Mac’s Wi-Fi system.
Turn on Wi-Fi: Activates your Mac’s built-in Wi-Fi machine. You can also use Enable or Activate in region of Turn on.
Turn off Wi-Fi: Disables Wi-Fi for your Mac. You also can use Deactivate or Disable in location of Turn off.
Is Do Not Disturb on?: Returns the modern repute of the Notifications Center’s Do Not Disturb placing.
Turn on Do Not Disturb: Enables the Do Not Disturb characteristic for the Notifications Center. Enable or Activate can be substituted for Turn on.
Turn off Do Not Disturb: Resets the Notifications Center to the default placing of allowing incoming notifications to display indicators or banners. Disable or Deactivate may be used in place of Turn off.
Put my Computer to sleep: Invokes Sleep, turning the show off and notably lowering the energy intake of your Mac.
Increase brightness: Turns display brightness up.
Decrease brightness: Turns show brightness down.
Minimum brightness: Sets the display brightness to the bottom placing.
Maximum brightness: Sets the display brightness to the very best placing.
Open Mail settings: This command genuinely opens the Internet Accounts desire pane, supplying you with access to a few Mail account settings, as well as Twitter, Facebook, Google, Linkedin, Yahoo!, and others.
Accessibility
Siri knows some of the accessibility alternatives available for your Mac.

Increase cursor length: Enlarges the cursor. You can use the word mouse or pointer in region of cursor. In addition, Siri will display a pointer size slider with which you can best-track the cursor size.
Decrease cursor size: Reduces the dimensions of the cursor. All of the options mentioned in Increase cursor size practice.
Turn on invert colors: The show hues may be inverted, placing white textual content on a black historical past.
Turn off invert colorations: The display will return to the default of black textual content on a white historical past.
Turn on grayscale: The display eliminates all shades, rendering the entirety in grayscale.
Turn off grayscale: Returns the display to the default coloration mode.
Turn VoiceOver on: Enables VoiceOver, to offer spoken description of items at the computer screen.
Turn VoiceOver off: Disables the VoiceOver provider.
Turn Zoom on: Enables the zoom characteristic, letting you use keyboard shortcuts to zoom into an area on the display screen.
Zoom in = ⌥⌘= (Option + Command + =)
Zoom out = ⌥⌘- (Option + Command + -)
Turn Zoom off: Disables the zoom function.
Applications
Siri must be able to release any app you have set up in your Mac, mainly if it is located inside the default /Applications folder. If you have troubles with an app launching this is positioned some other place, encompass a location modifier, inclusive of “in folder call” wherein folder call is the name of the folder that consists of the app.

You can use Launch, Open, or maybe Play, when suitable, including Play (call of recreation) when it is time to take a game destroy.

Some examples of launching apps:

Launch Word: Launches the Word app.
Open Safari: Launches the Safari internet browser.
Play Full Deck Solitaire: Opens the solitaire recreation I actually have hooked up on my Mac.
Launch Touché in Downloads folder: This will open the app Touché, that’s positioned in my Downloads folder.

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MacOS Disk Utility Can Create Four Popular RAID Arrays
Mac OS RAID Assistant
The RAID Assistant can be used to create a couple of forms of RAID arrays. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
MacOS Sierra noticed the return of RAID assist to Apple’s Disk Utility, a feature that was eliminated while OS X El Capitan first came at the scene. With the go back of RAID help in Disk Utility, you not want to motel to using Terminal to create and administer your RAID systems.

Of route, Apple couldn’t just return RAID support to Disk Utility. It had to alternate the consumer interface just sufficient to ensure that your previous technique of running with RAID arrays might be one-of-a-kind enough to require getting to know a few new tricks.

That could be quality if Apple had upgraded the RAID software to include new skills, however as a ways as I can tell, no updates, either to basic functions or to the RAID driver, are present inside the latest model.

RAID zero, 1, 10, and JBOD
Disk Utility can nevertheless be used to create and control the equal 4 RAID variations it has always been capable of running with: RAID 0 (Striped), RAID 1 (Mirrored), RAID 10 (Mirrored set of Striped drives), and JBOD (Just a Bunch Of Disks).

In this manual, we are going to look at the use of Disk Utility in macOS Sierra and later to create and manage these four popular RAID kinds. There are, of route, different RAID sorts you may create, and third-celebration RAID apps which could control RAID arrays for you; in some cases, they are able to even do a better task.

If you need a extra superior RAID software, I suggest both SoftRAID, or a committed hardware RAID system constructed into an outside enclosure.

Why Use RAID?
RAID arrays can remedy some exciting issues you’ll be experiencing with your Mac’s contemporary storage device. Perhaps you’ve got been wishing you had quicker performance, which include what is available from various SSD services, until you found out a 1 TB SSD is a chunk beyond your finances. RAID 0 can be used to reinforce overall performance, and at an affordable cost. Using 500 GB 7200 RPM tough drives in a RAID 0 array can produce speeds coming near those of a mid-range 1 TB SSD with a SATA interface, and accomplish that at a lower charge.

Similarly, you could use RAID 1 to increase the reliability of a storage array whilst your wishes call for high reliability.

You may even integrate RAID modes to produce a garage array it really is rapid and retains excessive reliability.

If you’d like to discover extra about growing your own RAID storage solutions to meet your desires, this manual is a excellent area to begin.

Back Up First
Before we begin the instructions for creating any of the supported RAID degrees in Disk Utility, it is vital to know that the technique of making a RAID array includes erasing the disks that make up the array. If you’ve got any information on these disks which you want to hold, you need to lower back up the records earlier than intending.

If you need assistance with creating a backup, take a look at out the manual:

Mac Backup Software, Hardware, and Guides for Your Mac

If you are ready, permit’s get commenced.

02
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Use macOS Disk Utility to Create a Striped RAID Array
Disk Selection within the Mac OS RAID Assistant
Disk choice is a common system in growing any of the supported RAID types. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
Disk Utility can be used to create and manipulate a Striped (RAID zero) array that splits records among or more disks to offer faster get entry to for each information reads from and data writes to the disks.

RAID 0 (Striped) Requirements
Disk Utility calls for no less than disks to create a striped array. While there’s no requirement for the disks to be the same length or from the identical producer, the well-known information is that disks in a striped array should be matched to make certain exceptional overall performance and reliability.

Striped Array Failure Rate
Additional disks past the minimum may be used to boom general performance, though it comes at the cost of also increasing the general failure rate of the array. The approach to calculate the failure price of a striped array, assuming all disks in the array are the same, is:

1 – (1 – the posted failure charge of a unmarried disk) raised to the variety of slices inside the array.

A slice is the time period typically used to consult a unmarried disk within a RAID array. As you may see, the faster you want to head, the larger the risk of failure you chance. It goes without announcing that in case you’re embarking on creating a striped RAID array, you have to have a backup plan in place.

Using Disk Utility to Create a RAID zero Array
For this case, I’m going to assume you are the use of two disks to create a quick RAID 0 array.

Launch Disk Utility, positioned at /Applications/Utilities/.
Make positive the two disks you wish to apply inside the RAID array are gift in the Disk Utility sidebar. They don’t want to be selected at this factor; just gift, indicating they may be efficaciously mounted on your Mac.
Select RAID Assistant from Disk Utility’s File menu.
In the RAID Assistant window, pick out the Striped (RAID 0) alternative, and then click on the Next button.
The RAID Assistant will show a list of available disks and volumes. Only the ones disks that meet the necessities for the chosen RAID type could be highlighted, permitting you to pick out them. The typical requirements are that they need to be formatted as Mac OS Extended (Journaled), and cannot be the contemporary startup drive.
Select at the least disks. It’s possible to pick out character volumes that a disk may additionally host, but it is considered higher exercise to apply an entire disk in a RAID array. Click the Next button while geared up.
Enter a call for the new striped array you’re about to create, as well as pick out a format to be implemented to the array. You can also pick a “Chunk size.” The chew size must loosely match the fundamental length of statistics your array could be dealing with. As an instance: If the RAID array is being used to speed up the macOS operating gadget, a piece length of 32K or 64K would work well, due to the fact that most gadget files are usually small in length. If you’ll be the use of the striped array to host your video or multimedia tasks, the most important available chew length can be a better desire.
Warning: Before you click the Next button, be conscious that every disk you’ve got selected to be a part of this striped array may be erased and formatted, causing all current facts at the drives to be misplaced.
Click the Next button while ready.
A pane will drop down, asking you to confirm that you want to create the RAID zero array. Click the Create button.
Disk Utility will create your new RAID array. Once the method is entire, the RAID Assistant will display a message that the system became successful, and your new striped array could be installed on your Mac’s laptop.

Deleting a RAID zero Array
Should you ever decide you now not need the striped RAID array you created, Disk Utility can remove the array, breaking it back down to the man or woman disks, which you could then use as you spot fit.

Launch Disk Utility.
In the Disk Utility sidebar, select the striped array you desire to take away. The sidebar would not display the disk types, so that you’ll need to pick out by the disk name. You can verify it is the appropriate disk by looking at the Info panel (the decrease right-hand panel within the Disk Utility window). The Type need to say RAID Set Volume.
Just above the Info panel, there have to be a button categorized Delete RAID. If you don’t see the button, you may have the wrong disk selected in the sidebar. Click the Delete RAID button.
A sheet will drop down, asking you to verify the deletion of the RAID set. Click the Delete button.
A sheet will drop down, displaying the development of deleting the RAID array. Once the system is whole, click the Done button.
Note: Deleting a RAID array may also go away a few or all the slices that made up the array in an uninitialized nation. It’s a good concept to erase and layout all of the disks that were a part of the deleted array.

03
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Use macOS Disk Utility to Create a Mirrored RAID Array
Mirrored array management alternative in Disk Utility
Mirrored arrays include some of management options consisting of adding and deleting slices. Screen shot courtesy of Coyote Moon, Inc.
RAID Assistant, a thing of Disk Utility in macOS, helps multiple RAID arrays. In this section, we’re going to observe creating and dealing with a RAID 1 array, also called a reflected array.

Mirrored arrays mirror information throughout two or extra disks, with the main purpose of growing reliability by means of growing information redundancy, assuring that if a disk in a mirrored array had been to fail, data availability would continue with out interruption.

RAID 1 (Mirrored) Array Requirements
RAID 1 requires no less than disks to make up the RAID array. Adding extra disks to the array will increase typical reliability via the power of the quantity of disks within the array. You can examine more about RAID 1 necessities and the way to calculate reliability by using reading the manual: RAID 1: Mirroring Hard Drives.

With the requirements out of the manner, let’s get began growing and managing your mirrored RAID array.

Creating a RAID 1 (Mirrored) Array
Make positive the disks so one can make up your mirrored array are attached on your Mac and established on the computer.

Launch Disk Utility, positioned in the /Applications/Utilities/ folder.
Make positive the disks you intend to apply inside the reflected array are indexed in Disk Utility’s sidebar. The disks don’t want to be selected, but they do need to be present within the sidebar.
Select RAID Assistant from Disk Utility’s File menu.
In the RAID Assistant window that opens, pick out Mirrored (RAID 1) from the list of RAID sorts, then click on the Next button.
A listing of disks and volumes will be displayed. Select the disk or volume you wish to grow to be a part of the reflected array. You can pick both kind, however pleasant practice is to use a whole disk for each RAID slice.
In the Role column of the disk choice window, you could use the dropdown menu to pick out how the select disk can be used: as a RAID slice or as a Spare. You must have as a minimum RAID slices; a spare is used if a disk slice fails or is disconnected from the RAID set. When a slice fails or is disconnected, a spare is robotically utilized in its vicinity, and the RAID array starts offevolved the rebuild technique to fill the spare with statistics from the other contributors of the RAID set.
Make your alternatives, and click on the Next button.
The RAID Assistant will now permit you to set the homes of the reflected RAID set. This includes giving the RAID set a name, choosing a format type to apply, and selecting bite size. Use 32K or 64K for arrays with a purpose to house preferred information and operating structures; use the bigger chew size for arrays that store photos, tune, or videos, and the smaller chunk size for arrays used with databases and spreadsheets.
Mirrored RAID sets can also be configured to mechanically rebuild the array while a slice fails or is disconnected. Select Automatically Rebuild to make certain most desirable facts integrity. Be aware that automatic rebuild can motive your Mac to function slowly whilst the rebuild is in method.
Make your alternatives, and click the Next button.
Warning : You’re about to erase and layout the disks related to the RAID array. All facts on the disks can be misplaced. Make sure you have got a backup (if wished) before continuing.
A sheet will drop down, asking you to verify that you want to create the RAID 1 set. Click the Create button.
The RAID Assistant will display a process bar and standing as the array is created. Once whole, click on the Done button.
Adding Slices to a Mirrored Array
There may additionally come a time while you want to add slices to the reflected RAID array. You can also want to do this to increase reliability, or to replace older slices that may be showing problems.

Launch Disk Utility.
In the Disk Utility sidebar, select the RAID 1 (Mirrored) disk. You can take a look at whether or not you’ve got selected the correct object via analyzing the Info panel at the lowest of the Disk Utility window; the Type ought to examine: RAID Set Volume.
To add a slice to the RAID 1 array, click the plus (+) sign placed simply above the Info panel.
From the dropdown menu that appears, pick out Add Member if the slice you’re adding can be actively used within the array, or Add Spare if the brand new slice’s purpose is to function a backup to be used if a slice fails or is disconnected from the array.
A sheet will display, list to be had disks and volumes that may be introduced to the reflected array. Select a disk or extent, and click the Choose button.
Warning : The disk you’re approximately to add may be erased; make certain you have got a backup of any data it can keep.
A sheet will drop down to confirm you’re approximately to feature a disk to the RAID set. Click the Add button.
The sheet will display a standing bar. Once the disk has been brought to the RAID, click the Done button.
Removing a RAID Slice
You can do away with a RAID slice from a RAID 1 replicate furnished there are extra than slices. You may also want to do away with a slice to update it with every other, more moderen disk, or as part of a backup or archiving system. Disks that are eliminated from a RAID 1 mirror will normally have the information preserved. This allows you to archive the records in every other safe area without disturbing the RAID array.

The “normally” disclaimer applies due to the fact so as for the information to be retained, the record device at the eliminated slice needs to be resizable. If the resizing fails, all information at the eliminated slice can be misplaced.

Launch Disk Utility.
Select the RAID array from the Disk Utility sidebar.
The Disk Utility window will display all of the slices that make up the mirrored array.
Select the slice you want to take away, then click on the minus (-) button.
A sheet will drop down, asking you to verify which you wish to take away a slice and that you’re conscious that the data on the eliminated slice can be misplaced. Click the Remove button.
The sheet will display a standing bar. Once the elimination is whole, click the Done button.
Repairing the RAID 1 Array
It might also appear like the Repair characteristic ought to be just like Disk Utility’s First Aid, simply geared to the desires of a RAID 1 mirrored array. But Repair has a completely distinctive which means here. Essentially, Repair is used to add a brand new disk to the RAID set, and force a rebuild of the RAID set to copy the statistics to the brand new RAID member.

Once the “repair” method is entire, you need to put off the RAID slice that failed and caused you to run the Repair procedure.

For all practical purposes, Repair is the same as the use of the upload button (+) and choosing New Member as the type of disk or volume to feature.

Since you need to manually eliminate the horrific RAID slice using the minus (-) button while using the Repair feature, I’m going to suggest you just use Add (+) and Remove (-) instead.

Removing a Mirrored RAID Array
You can completely do away with a mirrored array, returning every slice that makes up the array lower back to popular use by using your Mac.

Launch Disk Utility.
Select the reflected array in Disk Utility’s sidebar. Remember, you can verify which you selected the correct item by using checking the Info panel for the Type being set to: RAID Set Volume.
Just above the Info panel, click on the Delete RAID button.
A sheet will drop down, warning you which you’re about to delete the RAID Set. Disk Utility will try to break the RAID array apart whilst maintaining the statistics on every RAID slice. There is, however, no guarantee of the facts being intact after the deletion of the RAID array, so if you want the data, perform a backup earlier than clicking the Delete button.
The sheet will show a standing bar because the RAID is eliminated; as soon as complete, click on the Done button.

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You might also handiest have used it to open PDFs and examine pictures, however Apple’s Preview app is able to a lot greater, in fact it’s miles a useful device for plenty commonplace photo enhancing and export responsibilities. Mac users with fundamental image editing needs who make the effort to discover ways to use Preview may additionally in no way want to spend money on some other image enhancing software (though if they do, there’s Pixelmator). Here you will analyze what the equipment in Preview can do, and how to use the software for numerous beneficial picture manipulation responsibilities:

You will learn how to:

Resize an Image
Crop an Image
Create a File from Clipboard
Remove Background Items From an Image
Combine Two Images
Go Back in Time (Really)
Select an Irregular Object
What is Invert Selection?
Convert a Color Image to Black and White
Understand Preview’s Adjust Color device
Add a Speech Bubble to an Image
Export an Image in Different File Formats
Batch Convert Images
What is Preview?
You’ll find Preview in your Applications folder.

It would possibly interest you to study the software is older than the OS interior ultra-modern Macs. Preview become part of the NeXTSTEP operating device that became the bottom of what we now name macOS. When a part of NeXT it displayed and printed PostScript and TIFF documents. Apple started weaving quite a number beneficial enhancing equipment interior Preview while it released Mac OS X Leopard in 2007.

We’ll provide an explanation for greater about the tools you’ll locate interior Preview earlier than explaining a number of the methods you may use the software to perform a variety of commonly-required photo enhancing responsibilities.

What Image Formats Does Preview Support?
Preview is like minded with a diffusion of photograph codecs:

PDF
JPEG (And JPEG-2000)
TIFF
PNG
OpenEXR
It additionally exports items in different picture codecs – just faucet Option when you Export an photo and pick out the image kind to see what the ones codecs are.

Here is a superb Macworld article that explains the variations between image formats.

What Are the Different Tools in Preview?
When you open an photograph or PDF in Preview you’ll see a number icons populating the software bar.

From left to proper the default set includes:

Sidebar controls: These assist you to use and navigate the Sidebar, which can be beneficial if you are operating via a multipage PDF.
Magnification icons: Two magnifying glass icons will let you zoom in and out of the photograph. (You can also use Command Minus or Command Plus to accomplish this.
Share button: This lets you percentage the cutting-edge picture in diverse ways.
Highlight: This drop-down menu will become energetic when you open a PDF with a text access bar. Its number one use is to insert a signature into PDF files.
Rotate: Tap this to rotate an picture. (Hint: Hold down the option button whilst you operate the Rotate button to rotate inside the opposite course).
Markup Toolbar: This opens more than a few equipment you could use to edit and export your pix, we’ll provide an explanation for what each of those do beneath.
Search: This lets you seek via textual content in a PDF.
What Are the Different Markup Tools in Preview?
Preview has specific Markup toolbars, one for running with and modifying PDFs, the alternative for snap shots. You’ll find gear for text, shape creation, annotation, coloration adjustments and greater.

From left to right the default set includes:

Text Selection: When working with a PDF a textual content selection tool sits on the a ways left. This tool isn’t available right here when working with images.
The Selection Tool: This lets you select to pick out an item the usage of a Rectangular or an Elliptical equipment. It also presents Lasso and Smart Lasso choice gear, on which extra below. When working with a PDF this will become a rectangular selection device.
Instant Alpha: For some image types you may use this device to mechanically select heritage or other gadgets inside an photograph. Just click the area you want to pick and drag your cursor. The greater you drag the cursor the greater of the image could be highlighted in red to reveal you have got selected it. Press delete to make this part of the picture obvious, or faucet Command and C to replicate your choice, making it available in Clipboard.
Shape Tools: You can upload rectangles, stars, and different shapes. There is also a Loupe device which you may use to magnify a place of your image, simply drag the inexperienced deal with to lower or the blue take care of to boom magnification.
Sketch: Sketch shapes with this tool. If Preview acknowledges a shape you draw it will pick out that as a substitute. On Macs with a Force Touch touchpad, a 2d Draw device appears. This is pressure sensitive and lets you draw thicker shapes in reaction to the strain of your touch.
Text: Tap this container to go into text, then drag the textual content to wherein you need it to be. You can edit font, length and shade using the Text Style device to the right of this tier of the toolbar.
Sign: This device lets you sign files if viable within the document you’re using.
Note or Adjust Color: When running with PDFs a device that lets you upload notes to files seem right here. If operating with snap shots the Adjust Color tool is available on this position. Adjust Color consists of adjustment siders for exposure, evaluation, highlights, shadows, saturation, color temperature, tint, sepia and sharpness.
Line: Change line thicknesses carried out the use of Preview’s gear here.
Border colors: Change the colour of any form borders you would possibly have implemented the usage of this tool.
Change hues: Change the coloration of any form content material using this tool.
Font: Here you could trade fonts, size, font coloration, textual content layout, and practice formidable, italic or underline.
Now you know what each of these gear is for, we should explore some of the photo enhancing duties you could do with Preview.

How to Resize An Image
One of the maximum not unusual tasks for anybody who works with pictures, Preview is a capable workhorse.,

Open the photograph you want to resize in Preview
In the Menu bar pick out Tools and Adjust Size…
The Adjust Size pane carries more than a few custom settings, and also lets you configure your very own photograph size in pixels, centimetres, millimetres, factors, percent, and inches.
You pick out those within the drop down menu to the right of picture size.
In regular use the photo will scale relying on the first alternate you apply, however if you want to make an image wider or longer and don’t need to scale it you then ought to tap the padlock icon, which lets you exchange these dimensions manually.
When you have resized your image in your pride, tap OK.

How to Crop An Image
Remember the ones selection gear in the Markup menu? These permit you to pick a selected part of your picture, so that you can crop the relaxation. Just pick a form (or faucet and drag the cursor throughout the image you want to crop), position it accurately so the components of the photograph you like are decided on, and faucet the brand new Crop tool with the intention to now be available inside the Markup menu just to the proper of the Fonts item).

How to Create a File from Clipboard
You can use Preview and the Clipboard to quick create new pics. This may be beneficial if, as an example, you need to create a photograph based on an element of a larger photo. To try this rapid simply follow these steps:

Open an image and choose it, or open an photograph and select a part of it.
In Menu>Edit choose replica, or Command and C.
Now in the Preview Menu select File>New From Clipboard
A new window will open with the image you have got copied. Now you could carry out similarly edits, resize the image, or keep it in extraordinary picture formats.
How to Remove Background Items From an Image
You can also use Preview to perform easy image enhancing responsibilities, which include putting off unwanted backgrounds using the Instant Alpha tool.

Open the photo you desire to take away heritage from and select Instant Alpha
Tap and preserve in the region of the photograph you want to do away with
Keeping your mouse depressed, pass the pointer barely. You must see a purple overlay seem, keep moving till the region you need to cast off has been selected
If you begin deciding on photo factors you want to maintain, just pass the pointer slowly within the contrary direction to deselect that detail.
When you have selected the location that you want to put off, faucet Delete.
You may want to copy this manner to put off the whole thing you need rid of.
How to Combine Two Images
Imagine you have got a photograph of a larger item which you would like to area on a brand new heritage. Preview lets you carry out a easy image edit like this.

Open each pics in Preview (you may open them each in one singe window if you select them each and then open them).
Select the photo you need to take the large item from, and use the Instant Alpha device to cast off the heritage you not want, as described above.
Now tap Command-A (Select All), after which tap Command-C (Copy)
Now move to the picture you need to stick this object in and kind Command-V (Paste).
The photograph can be pasted on top of the historical past photo you chose. Depending at the true dimensions of both photos you could want to resize your pasted object. You achieve this by way of adjusting the blue size adjustment toggles that seem around the pasted object.

Go Back in Time (Really)
Preview has a high-quality device that lets you navigate your photo edits. Like going returned in time, it’s going to display you all the adjustments you have got made to an photograph in a Time Machine-like carousel view. It’s additionally surprisingly easy to use, simply open your photo and, in Menu>File you must pick Revert To and Browse All Versions. The show brightness will lessen and you’ll see all of the saved variations of your image.

How to Select an Irregular Object
Preview’s Smart Lasso is the goto tool whilst you want to choose an irregularly-shaped object. Just pick out the tool and trace cautiously across the object you want to select and Preview will do its quality to pick out the best portion of the photograph. You can use this to get rid of objects, or to replicate them for use in other snap shots.

What is Invert Selection?
If you discover Preview’s Edit Menu you may have come across the Invert Selection command. This is what it is for:

Take an picture and use one in all the choice equipment to pick a place of that photograph.

Now choose Invert Selection in the Menu bar, you’ll see that the objects which can be now selected are all those that have been no longer previously decided on.

This is a beneficial device when you have a complicated item you want to pick that is set against a less complicated background, due to the fact you could use the Smart Lasso tool to pick that historical past, after which use Invert Selection to as it should be pick out the complex item. It can save you so much time in comparison to the opportunity of laboriously using the Lasso device to pick out the item.

Convert a Color Image to Black and White
You can without problems convert an picture to black and white using Preview.

Open the Image, and launch the Adjust Color tool.
Slide Saturation all the way to the left to cast off all color from the picture.
Now you can tweak the Exposure, Contrast, Highlights, Shadows, and Levels tools to see if you can enhance the general appearance of this image.
If you do not just like the outcomes simply faucet Reset All to return the picture to its original state.
Get to Know Preview’s Adjust Color Tool
Adjust Color is some distance from being the most state-of-the-art colour adjustment device on any platform, but it can help you tweak an picture to appearance a lot better.

It includes adjustment siders for exposure, contrast, highlights, shadows, saturation, coloration temperature, tint, sepia and sharpness. It also includes a histogram with three active sliders you can use to alter colour balance.

It’s OK to test – no longer handiest do you spot a live preview of changes as you apply them, however if you mess the photo up you may go back it to its original kingdom through tapping Reset All to return it to its original country.

The Exposure tool helps you to improve pix fast, even as the Tint and Sepia equipment assist you to create an old skool seeming photo.

You can also use those equipment to alter the white factor inside your photo. To do that, just faucet the eyedropper tool eyedropper device icon (it’s just with the aid of the word “Tint”) after which click on a neutral gray or white place of your picture.

How to Add a Speech Bubble
You can add a speech bubble containing textual content to any photo.

Tap the Shapes button and pick out the speech bubble form.
You alternate the thickness of the speech bubble lines using the Line tool.
You adjust the color of the border using the border shades tool
And trade the fill colour of the speech bubble the use of the colors tool.
Once you have got the bubble created in your pride, faucet the text icon and a text discipline will appear to your picture. Type the phrases you want to see and then pass them to in shape within the speech bubble. You regulate the advent of the font inside the Fonts menu.
How to Export an Image in Different File Formats
We referred to Preview’s flexible mastery of a couple of image codecs. The excellent thing is the application can’t best open images in these kind of formats, but also can shift photos between them, doing so is ever so easy:

Open the image you want to export, carry out any photo editing operations you want to transact, and pick Menu>File>Export
The Save dialog will seem: search for the Format item, a drop-down list that carries all the presently energetic codecs, pick out the one in that you desire to store your photograph.
Tip: Preview is aware extra photograph codecs than you will see in that list. To discover those just maintain down the Option key when you click the dropdown layout item.

How to Batch Convert Images
You can use Preview to batch convert multiple images into a new image format.

Just pick all the snap shots in Finder and drag-&-drop them on the Preview icon for your Dock. A Preview window will open with all the images previewed (sic) inside the left-hand sidebar.
Now click on within the sidebar and pick out Select All from the Menu
With a majority of these snap shots now decided on open File>Export Selected Images.. Within the Menu bar. (If you handiest see the phrase ‘Export’ then you haven’t decided on all of the pix.
Choose the desired image format inside the Save dialog (as defined above).

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Share Your Mac’s Printer With Windows 7: An Overview
Mac Printer Sharing – Mac Printer Sharing With Windows 7
You can installation a Mac printer for sharing the use of a unmarried choice pane.
Printer sharing is one of the most popular uses for a home or small commercial enterprise network, and why not? Mac printer sharing can keep prices down by using decreasing the wide variety of printers you want to buy.

In this step-by means of-step academic, we will display you a way to proportion a printer connected to a Mac strolling OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard) with a laptop running Windows 7.

Mac printer sharing is a 3-element technique: ensuring your computer systems are on a commonplace workgroup; enabling printer sharing for your Mac; and including a connection to a network printer on your Win 7 PC.

Mac Printer Sharing: What You Need
A operating community, either wired or wi-fi Ethernet.
A printer this is connected at once to a Mac going for walks OS X 10.6.X (Snow Leopard).
A not unusual workgroup name for the PCs and Macs for your community.
About half of an hour of some time.

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Mac Printer Sharing: Configure the Workgroup Name
Mac Printer Sharing: Configure the Workgroup Name
If you need to share a printer, the workgroup names in your Macs and PCs have to in shape.
Windows 7 makes use of a default workgroup name of WORKGROUP. If you haven’t made any modifications to the workgroup call at the Windows computers related in your community then you definately’re prepared to head, due to the fact the Mac also creates a default workgroup name of WORKGROUP for connecting to Windows machines.

If you have changed your Windows workgroup call, as my spouse and I even have achieved with our home office community, then you’ll need to trade the workgroup name in your Macs to match.

Change the Workgroup Name on Your Mac (Leopard OS X 10.6.X)
Launch System Preferences by means of clicking its icon in the Dock.
Click the ‘Network’ icon within the System Preferences window.
Select ‘Edit Locations’ from the Location dropdown menu.
Create a duplicate of your current lively area.
Select your active area from the listing inside the Location sheet. The lively vicinity is commonly referred to as Automatic, and can be the simplest entry within the sheet.
Click the sprocket button and pick out ‘Duplicate Location’ from the pop-up menu.
Type in a new call for the reproduction region or use the default call, that is ‘Automatic Copy.’
Click the ‘Done’ button
Click the ‘Advanced’ button.
Select the ‘WINS’ tab.
In the ‘Workgroup’ discipline, enter your workgroup name.
Click the ‘OK’ button.
Click the ‘Apply’ button.
After you click the ‘Apply’ button, your network connection could be dropped. After some moments, your community connection can be re-set up, with the new workgroup call you created.

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Mac Printer Sharing: Enable Printer Sharing on Your Mac
Mac Printer Sharing: Enable Printer Sharing on Your Mac
The Printer Sharing choices pane in OS X 10.6.
For Mac printer sharing to paintings, you may need to permit the printer sharing characteristic for your Mac. We will count on you have already got a printer connected in your Mac that you desire to share in your network.

Enable Printer Sharing
Launch System Preferences through both clicking the ‘System Preferences’ icon in the Dock or deciding on ‘System Preferences’ from the Apple menu.
In the System Preferences window, select the Sharing preferences pane from the Internet & Networking organization.
The Sharing alternatives pane contains a listing of to be had services that may be run on your Mac. Place a check mark next to the ‘Printer Sharing’ object within the listing of services.
Once printer sharing is became on, a listing of printers to be had for sharing will appear. Place a test mark subsequent to the name of the printer you desire to proportion.
Close System Preferences.
You Mac will now allow other computer systems at the network to proportion the exact printer.

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Mac Printer Sharing: Add the Shared Printer to Windows 7
Mac Printer Sharing – Add the Shared Printer to Windows 7
Win 7 can seek the community for to be had printers.
The last step in Mac printer sharing is to feature the shared printer on your Win 7 PC.

Add a Shared Printer to Win 7
Select Start, Devices and Printers.
In the Printers window that opens, click on the ‘Add a printer’ object on the toolbar.
In the Add Printer window, click the ‘Add a network, wireless, or Bluetooth Printer’ alternative.
The Add a Printer wizard will check the community for available printers. Once the wizard completes its search, you will see a listing of all to be had printers on your network.
Select the shared Mac printer from the listing of available printers. Click the ‘Next’ button.
A caution message will display, telling you that the printer does now not have the ideal printer driver mounted. That is OK, because your Mac does not have any Windows printer drivers mounted. Click the ‘OK’ button to begin the technique of installing a driver in Windows 7 to talk to the shared Mac printer.
The Add a Printer wizard will show a two-column list. From the ‘Manufacturer’ column, choose the make of the printer linked to your Mac.
From the ‘Printers’ column, pick the version name of the printer attached to your Mac. Click ‘OK.’
The Add a Printer wizard will end the set up technique and present you with a window permitting you to exchange the printers name because it appears on the Windows 7 PC. Make any change to the name you want, then click ‘Next.’
The Add a Printer wizard will present a windows asking in case you would like to set the brand new printers because the default in your Windows 7 PC. The identical home windows additionally allows you to print a check web page. This is a good concept because it permits you to make certain that printer sharing is working. Click the ‘Print a test web page’ button.
That’s it; the technique of installing a shared printer in your Vista computer is complete. Click the ‘Finish’ button.

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Mac Printer Sharing: Using Your Shared Printer
Mac Printer Sharing: Using Your Shared Printer
When sharing a printer, you could locate that not all the printer’s alternatives are to be had to network customers.
Using your Mac’s shared printer out of your Windows 7 PC is no different than it would be if the printer had been immediately related in your Win 7 PC. All of your Win 7 packages will see the shared printer simply as though it had been physically attached to your PC.

There are only some points to maintain in mind.
Your Mac ought to be grew to become on in order for the shared printer to be on hand at the community.
Some printer houses won’t be on hand over the community. For instance, you can not be capable of determine the reputation of consumables at the shared printer, including how a whole lot ink is left or whether or not the paper tray is empty. This varies from printer to printer, as well as from printer driver to printer motive force.
Printing from the community might also maintain your Mac from going to sleep.
A snoozing Mac won’t be able to respond to printer requests from networked PCs.

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